In the eastern regions of Cameroon, particularly around Betare Oya and the Adamaoua plateau, an underground economy thrives beneath the surface. While the country’s gold reserves hold immense potential, they are being systematically drained by criminal networks, with profits funneling abroad—most notably to Dubai. Despite government efforts to regulate mining activities, enforcement remains weak, leaving space for unchecked exploitation.

The silent looting of Cameroon’s gold wealth

Gold mining in Cameroon’s eastern and Adamaoua regions has surged in recent years, attracting thousands of informal miners. However, the lack of oversight has created a breeding ground for smuggling operations. Official figures suggest that a significant portion of extracted gold never reaches state coffers, instead disappearing through illicit channels.

How networks operate and who benefits

Investigations reveal that smuggling rings, often operating with local accomplices, exploit gaps in regulation to move gold across borders. These networks use a combination of legal loopholes and corrupt practices to bypass customs and tax controls. The destination? Dubai, a global hub for gold trade, where Cameroonian gold is laundered and re-exported under the guise of legitimate transactions.

The human and economic toll

Beyond financial losses, the unregulated mining sector fuels environmental degradation and social instability. Miners, often operating in hazardous conditions, receive little protection, while local communities see few benefits. Meanwhile, the state loses billions in potential revenue—funds that could otherwise support infrastructure, education, and healthcare.

> What can be done to curb the flow?

Experts argue that stronger enforcement, transparent supply chains, and international cooperation are critical to dismantling these networks. Without decisive action, Cameroon’s gold wealth will continue to vanish, leaving behind a trail of lost opportunities and deepened inequalities.