Washington targets key figures behind eastern DRC unrest

The United States has escalated its response to ongoing violence in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo by imposing fresh sanctions on senior commanders linked to two notorious militant factions. The move underscores growing international concern over persistent instability in the mineral-rich region.

Thomas Pigott, spokesperson for the U.S. State Department, outlined the measures during a press briefing, emphasizing Washington’s commitment to curbing destabilizing activities that threaten regional security. The targeted groups—the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) and the March 23 Movement (M23)—have been accused of systematic abuses, including ethnic violence, recruitment of child soldiers, and cross-border aggression that destabilizes neighboring nations.

The sanctions specifically name Gustave Kubwayo, a senior intelligence and special operations commander in the FDLR. According to U.S. officials, his faction has been responsible for coordinated attacks on civilian populations, sexual violence as a weapon of war, and operations that deliberately provoke regional tensions. Pigott highlighted that Kubwayo’s forces have repeatedly violated international humanitarian law, with documented cases of forced conscription of minors and systematic persecution of ethnic minorities.

Also sanctioned is John Imani Nzenze, the M23’s intelligence chief. U.S. authorities accuse him of orchestrating a campaign of extrajudicial killings, mass displacement, and widespread human rights abuses across North Kivu province. The M23, widely reported to receive external support, has intensified its insurgency since 2021, seizing territory and triggering a humanitarian crisis affecting millions.

Washington’s announcement signals a hardening stance under the current administration, which has pledged to hold all factions accountable for breaches of the Washington Accords (December 2025) and the Doha Framework. Officials warned that further measures will follow if violations persist, signaling a shift from diplomatic pressure toward punitive action to restore stability in the Great Lakes region.

The move arrives as regional diplomats and peace monitors report a sharp rise in civilian casualties and forced displacement in eastern DRC. Analysts suggest the sanctions could disrupt rebel supply chains and deter foreign backers, though the long-term impact on ground operations remains uncertain.