Gabon’s mining sector seeks to drive economic growth amid oil decline

Libreville — Facing a steady decline in its oil production, Gabon is now pinning its economic recovery hopes on a bold push into mining. In recent months, the government has unveiled a flurry of investment plans, while exploration and drilling operations have ramped up across key provinces.

Government unveils ambitious mining expansion plans

Under the leadership of Mines Minister Sosthène Nguema Nguema, Gabon has set its sights on opening eight new mines between 2026 and 2030. These ventures will focus primarily on iron ore, with gold and potash also on the agenda. The move is part of a broader strategy to diversify the economy and reduce dependence on oil.

Minister Nguema Nguema has expressed confidence that these initiatives will generate thousands of jobs and significantly boost the mining sector’s contribution to the national economy. Currently contributing about 6% to GDP, the sector is projected to account for 15% to 20% of economic output in the coming years.

Infrastructure gaps could slow progress

Economic analyst Orphée Mouelé, who holds a degree from Omar Bongo University, warns that the success of these mining projects hinges on critical infrastructure improvements. He highlights the urgent need to upgrade roads, railways, ports, and bridges to facilitate the transportation of extracted minerals.

The energy supply is another major hurdle. Reliable electricity will be essential not only for mining operations but also for supporting downstream industries that could emerge around mineral processing.

Civil society calls for inclusive benefits

While civil society organizations welcome the mining push, they emphasize the importance of ensuring tangible benefits for local communities. Edmiaune Zouga, president of the NGO Éthique et Bonne Gouvernance, stresses that mining revenues must translate into improved living standards for Gabonians, with equitable distribution of wealth.